Parents usually ask me what to do with their kids
when they are rigid and their tantrums are frequent and intense (lasting for
long periods of time and being violent). Often times these kids have to be restrained
to prevent them from kicking/punching holes in the walls and hitting others. A parent recently shared with me that
her son becomes so aggressive that “his
sisters run away from him and hide in the corner because they are scared of him.”
Some of my recommendations include providing
these kids with alternative things to hit and tell them that they can scream as
loud as they want but inside their room. These
strategies work, sometimes. But kids often refuse them. So more intrusive strategies have to be implemented. I
encourage parents to use distracting techniques. For example, redirecting their
children to a coping kit: a box of sensory stuff to play with, such as squishy
balls, hand pump, musical instruments, etc. It might take some time but
eventually it helps to distract and calming them down.
I’m not naïve. I know it gets confusing to decide
what to do during the “eye” of the storm when the tantrum is at its peak and kids
are at their most violent. Challenging behaviors are indeed a source of
confusion and stress.
Parents can’t allow kids to bang on the
walls/doors, or hit people in the house so sometimes they feel the only thing
they can do is restrain them. On those situations bear hugging them from
behind is a good idea.
Although restraining, distracting and redirecting
to alternative activities are the right thing to do, they are not enough. I
highly recommend to combine those strategies with highly motivating rewards
when kids are not tantrumming and distracting them at the first signs
(precursors) of distress to prevent the “storm” all together.
Talking about their feelings is great. The more
verbal communication the less "behavioral" communication. Teach them
how to appropriately express wants and needs. And listen to them.
When possible make a plan together with your kids
about the schedule of activities. Let's give him some control because otherwise
they’ll “fight” for it.
As difficult as they may seem, kids who seek
control and communicate their feelings (even when the communication is through
challenging behaviors) have a lot of potential and respond very well to the
consistent implementation of effective behavior management strategies. When you withhold rewards contingent on
problematic behaviors and consistently reward the non-occurrence of those
behaviors they quickly understand that they are missing "the fun."
It is also important in those difficult
situations to give them a "do-over" possibility. That way they regain
control. Being angry and punishing for the rest of the... (session, day, outing,
etc.) will only make the situation worse. The "as soon as you calm down you can play, let me know when you are
ready" approach is very powerful.
And remember, tantrums are the best opportunity
to teach kids they won't work.
Daniel Adatto, BCBA